Earth's future in danger due to ozone depletion

Earth's future in danger due to ozone depletion

Just like we need a protective umbrella when it is raining or sunny. Similarly, the earth needs an umbrella to protect itself and its offspring. The earth has this natural umbrella, which is one of the key factors in making our lives possible, comfortable, and uninterrupted. This umbrella of the earth's atmosphere has spread. This is called the ozone layer. It is a blue gas.

The depletion of the ozone layer is also a major factor in the increase in the average temperature of the earth. Ozone depletion seems to have played a small role in climate change. To protect it, International Ozone The day is celebrated around the world in September every year. On January 23, 1995, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a day to commemorate the day with the main objective of raising public awareness about the ozone layer.

Ozone is a molecule made up of three atoms of oxygen. The ozone layer is 90 percent of the light blue ozone layer in the Earth's stratosphere, 15 to 50 kilometers above sea level. It absorbs harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun, i.e. ultraviolet rays. To prevent skin cancer, eye diseases, negative effects on the growth of small plants, heart disease, respiratory diseases, exposure to aquatic animals (fish), adverse effects on biodiversity conservation, adverse effects on human and animal health. The ozone layer was discovered in 1913 by Charles Fabry and Henry Buson, two French physicists.

Naturally occurring ozone levels in the developed world are due to the luxuries of the people living in luxury, chlorofluorocarbons, hydro chlorofluorocarbons emitted from appliances such as air conditioners and environmental pollution, deforestation, unscientific farming systems, industrial development, etc. In 1985, when it was discovered that ozone depletion was widespread, the idea of ​​stopping chlorofluorocarbon emissions came to the fore. It is a sad fact that even three decades after this concept was developed, efforts to control the destructive factors of the ozone layer have not been as successful as expected.

Ozone depletion is caused by a scientific process. The man seems to be more responsible for this because the tools needed by man to live a luxurious life emit extreme amounts of chlorofluorocarbons. The sun's rays convert the gas into chlorine. Chlorine reacts with ozone to oxygen to reduce the ozone layer by changing the ozone gas molecule. One atom of chlorine destroys many ozone molecules. Chlorofluorocarbons have a lifespan of 150 years. The more chlorofluorocarbons and ozone gas in the atmosphere.

The atmosphere is 8 to 15 km above the earth's surface is the densest. This is called the troposphere. Simply, life becomes easier on the earth up to this limit, the higher the height, the lower the ease. You can guess this way too. The height of our Everest is about nine kilometers or 8848 meters high. Upon reaching here, the climber has great difficulty in breathing. Above all, the thinner the Earth's atmosphere, the harder life becomes. After the troposphere there is another atmospheric layer which is 15 kilometers to about 50 kilometers above, it is called the stratosphere. It is followed by mesosphere 85, thermosphere 600, ionosphere 965, and exosphere 10,000 km.

The second layer of the earth, the atmosphere that extends to the stratosphere, is called the weight. It is a shield for the earth. In fact, weight is one of the main reasons why life on earth is possible. This gas is usually spread from 10 kilometers to 50 kilometers above the earth's surface.

Safety shield

The ozone layer protects us from the sun. The sun, which we consider to be synonymous with our life, is also the sun, supplying many elements of life as well as death. This ozone layer works to block the deadly radiation coming from the sun.

You may be surprised here. Ozone is another form of oxygen. Let's say it is a modified or modified form of oxygen. In their structure, two atoms combine to form oxygen, while three atoms combine to form a weighted gas. The ozone layer absorbs about 99 percent of the UV rays from the sun and acts as a protective shield for plants, animals, and humans. If this gas were to penetrate the earth's surface, it would be like poison. But this gas, which starts from about 15 kilometers above, is a gift for us. The presence of ozone in our atmosphere is extremely low compared to other gases, with a total of 10 molecules of ozone molecules per million molecules.

Holes in the ozone layer

In 1985, the first hole in the ozone layer in Antarctica's upper atmosphere was reported. The world community became concerned about this permanent cycle of security on Earth. Awareness of the ozone layer has been around since 1987. This is called the Montreal Agreement. The agreement, signed by 33 nations in Montreal, Canada, has now been signed by about 190 countries. Nepal also signed the agreement in 1994. As part of the agreement, the participating nations pledged to reduce the production and use of chemicals that harm the ozone layer in their countries.

On January 23, 1995, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution recognizing September 16 as International Ozone Day. But 10 years later, in 2005, the Antarctic region lost 2.7 million square kilometers of the ozone layer. This is about the same as the area of ​​Europe. A September 2006 survey found a 40 percent reduction in the ozone layer over Antarctica. It is said to have depleted the ozone layer. The United Nations had set a goal of creating an ozone-friendly environment by 2010, but that goal was not achieved.

Why the fuss?

The chlorofluorocarbon CFC used in the refrigerators and air conditioners we use is a compound of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. UV rays disintegrate CFCs that reach the atmosphere. CFC decomposes into chlorine and fluorine. Both chlorine and fluorine destroy the ozone layer. Here you may be surprised to know that one chlorine atom has the ability to destroy one million ozone molecules. Nitrous oxide gas also plays a major role in ozone depletion. This gas is emitted in large quantities from the nylon industry. In the present age of material prosperity, many of the luxury chemicals used by humans are destroying the ozone layer. Some industries have started using bromine instead of chlorine. Bromine has been shown to be hundreds of times more harmful than chlorine, to the ozone layer. Carbon tetrachloride, another chemical used in sanitation, also destroys the ozone layer. The world's growing nuclear explosion, nitrogen-free manure, as well as supersonic aircraft are damaging the Earth's natural umbrella weight layer.

How to save the ozone layer?

The use of ozone-depleting substances, including chlorofluorocarbons and halogen emissions should be banned in each country to make life easier and more environmentally friendly, and to mitigate the effects of climate change. Consumption and production of ozone-depleting substances should be reduced. Emphasis should be placed on banning the use, reuse and processing of plastics. The use of chemical pesticides should be banned and the use of non-organic pesticides should be promoted. Ozone friendly refrigerators, production of air conditioners, standards for air conditioning in cars, policy making, effective implementation, special focus on effective monitoring as well as minimizing air pollution in a positive way to reduce the adverse effects of climate change and global warming on social and economic sectors can be considered a step.