what is quantum computers and does it works explained?

Quantum computer

Computers have become an important part of our lives today. Whether it is research or the use of the highest technology in space exploration, nothing is possible without a computer. Over the past few decades, we have not only made computers smaller but also made their computing power more powerful. for example, the computing power of today's smartphones, whose calculating capabilities have become more powerful than military computers 50 years ago. And computers in those days were the equivalent of a large room, but today's computers can be picked up by hand.

If we talk about the general limitations of today's computer, first of all, its speed is problematic. Because it takes a long time to solve complex mathematical equations. Its other limitations are its storage capacity and energy consumption. So now we need a computer that can be many times more capable and powerful than today's computers. Companies like Google, IBM, and Intel today are using the principles of quantum physics to create computers that we can call the next generation of computers. Which is called a quantum computer.

Not only has the simple working model of such a computer been successfully built but it has also been tested using it in small calculations. Now, these companies are preparing to make computers on a large scale. If quantum computers were to be built on a large scale, it would definitely replace today's computers. A quantum computer is a computer that uses quantum bits or qubits to calculate. You may find the word qubits here at this time. So what are cubits? The computer you usually use, such as a desktop, laptop, tablet, or smartphone, is also called a binary computer.

Because of the functionality that occurs in them happens at the base of one or zero. Processor transistors are used to calculate any method on a binary computer. Each transistor is either on stage or off stage. That is this stage or no stage. Here one tells on stage and zero tells off stage. What works from one program or algorithm to the next is determined by zero or one. The weird thing about computer programmers is that they only use the so-called, if-then state to create complex software like Microsoft Office.

So there is a lot to know about Binary computer. But the important thing here is that the zero or one that the computer uses to calculate, we call bits. Now when it comes to quantum computers, qubits are used instead of bits. Which we also call quantum bits. These cubits have an additional function, which is not the case with bits. In fact, when using bits, the information is in two stages. That is zero or one. In other words, if this is the case with a developer, then this is the case.

Now if we talk about qubits, it can be at zero stage at one time, even at one stage. And in both of these stages. That is while preparing the logic, the developer can simultaneously check if this, then that, and both of these conditions. Which greatly increases the calculation speed. Unless this qubit is operated, it tends to occur at all possible stages simultaneously. This is called the spinning stage. Instead of measuring the state of these spinning cubits from one or zero, they are measured by three states called up, down, and both. The functionality of these qubits is based on the superposition phenomenon of quantum physics.

These cubits can affect each other using quantum entanglement even when they are not physically connected. Here we have already discussed Quantum Entanglement in our previous series. To understand this video better, go to the link given in the description. In quantum physics, we find that the world is not as simple as it seems. This is because quantum particles behave differently when they are operated. Quantum computers use cubits to simulate the behavior of quantum particles available in nature. From which its capacity and speed will increase many times over.

How does this happen?

We can understand this from a simple example. When we don't chew a single coin, when it calms down, we have to either find the head or toss the five paise as a cow or a trident. Our current binary computers are similar. In which we have either zero or one. So it takes a long time for our computer to solve such problems. In which the possibility of coming up with many types of answers remains the same and the time also takes the same amount.

Now, if we talk about quantum computers, it works differently. As long as our coin is in circulation we don't know what will happen next. That is, head Aula or tail? This means that as long as the coin is rotating, it stays in both positions at the same time. They are in a similar state until the qubits are activated. That is, it can test many possibilities at once. That is, by the time a binary computer starts working on such a problem, a quantum computer will be able to give us results.

From a comparative point of view, a quantum computer will be much faster than your normal personal computer. But making it and working with it is not so easy in the current situation. Because when you start, the state of the qubit changes. And using it produces a lot of sounds. The more qubits you use, the more likely you are to make mistakes. And the second challenge is that most quantum computers need to be kept at absolute zero temperatures. Which is colder than space. It also requires a lot of energy to work well. That is, operating a quantum computer is just as expensive.

Therefore, its widespread use is not possible at present. Currently, only a handful of well-known companies, such as Google, Intel, and IBM, are building quantum computers and trying to make them better. But it is certain that the future will be of quantum computers. When it comes to quantum supremacy, Google recently announced a new quantum computer chip called Bristolcon, which used 72 quantum bits or qubits. Which has become the most used cube in the field of quantum computers?

Earlier, the record was held by IBM's Quantum Processor. It used 50 qubits. Google also said it was still testing the new chips. And he believes that soon his new chips will achieve quantum supremacy. That is, the computer made from it will surpass the fastest supercomputer existing at computational speed.

Quantum computers use qubits because they can do many things at once. They can quickly solve many problems at the same time. If it is like a binary computer, it will have this result and if it does not, it will have this problem. Quantum computers will investigate both of these conditions at the same time and we will get the answer to such problems immediately.

Of course, such capabilities of quantum computers can also be a threat to our current security system. Because such a computer can be a sharp target for hackers. Therefore, keeping in mind this risk, researchers are developing a new technology that is quantum computer hacking proof. In the future, when we have a quantum-based cryptography system, it will be much more secure. Which makes it almost impossible to hack. Researchers are excited about quantum computers because they can also be used to model complex chemical reactions. It is very difficult to do this from today's binary computer.

In July 2016, Google engineers simulated a hydrogen atom for the first time using a quantum device. Since then, IBM has simulated a number of complex molecules. If all goes well and we succeed in making quantum computing more effective, we will see many new molecules in the future that we can use in everything from medicine to other products. Whether it's a new space exploration, or a new discovery or the development of artificial intelligence. Quantum computers can contribute a lot to all of these areas. Only time will tell how much better quantum computers will make our future. But it is true that if we can use quantum computers in the right way, it will increase the speed of our development many times over.